Glaucoma
Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide, most commonly affecting 1 in 50 people over the age of 40. Glaucoma occurs when the optic disc at the back of the eye, that relays information to the brain, becomes damaged. This damage results in losses in the visual field, usually the central area of vision. The condition may result from increased pressure within the eye, but this is not a necessary condition in the development of glaucoma. Unfortunately, the symptoms of glaucoma commonly go unnoticed and progressively cause more damage that may become irreparable. Without treatment, the loss of vision usually becomes worse and commonly permanent.
Symptoms
- Commonly asymptomatic
- Visual disturbances
- Ocular pain
Causes
The mechanism behind the Glaucoma can result from a range of different circumstances, however most commonly by an increased intraocular pressure. Structural problems within the eye may cause a susceptibility to glaucoma. Diabetes and cardiovascular disease are risk factors for developing glaucoma. Although the precise genetic link is unknown, people with first degree relatives with glaucoma have an increased risk of the condition. Some pharmaceutics may result in glaucoma as an adverse event.
Treatment
Generally, an ophthalmic consultation is necessary to assess the damage to the internal structures of the eye. In acute situations, a laser procedure may be required to reduce the elevated pressure within the eye. Medicated eye drops may consist of a topical beta blocker or an alpha agonist to release pressure within the eye. However, some medication for glaucoma can cause side effects and drug interaction.
Natural Therapies
Essential nutrients such as vitamins A, C, E and essential omega-3 fats present in fish oils, may help prevent the onset of glaucoma. Regular exercise may reduce elevated pressure, whilst activities like yoga may also be beneficial. Bilberry is a naturally occurring fruit rich in antioxidants known to be beneficial for eye health. Research has shown Bilberry to reduce retinopathies seen in diabetes which may provide assistance in glaucoma.
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